Raspberry PI Private Cloud mit Nextcloud
Raspberry PI Private Cloud mit Nextcloud Anleitung
sudo raspi-config
(Passwort ändern und SD Karte7 Advanced Option > Expand Filesystem)
feste IP
Auf den neusten Stand bringen:
sudo apt update sudo apt upgrade
Benötigte Software installieren:
sudo apt install git certbot unzip nginx postgresql curl libcurl4 redis-server php7.3-fpm php7.3-curl php7.3-gd php7.3-intl php7.3-mbstring php7.3-opcache php7.3-xml php7.3-xmlrpc php7.3-zip php7.3-apcu php7.3-common php7.3-intl php-pear php7.3-apcu php7.3-xml php7.3-mbstring php7.3-zip php7.3-pgsql php7.3-intl php-imagick php7.3-json php7.3-bz2 php-smbclient redis-server php-redis
Nextcloud installieren:
cd /var/www/ sudo wget https://download.nextcloud.com/server/releases/latest.zip sudo unzip latest.zip sudo rm latest.zip sudo rm -R html sudo mv nextcloud html sudo chown -R www-data:www-data /var/www/html
Nginx Konfiguration für Nextcloud:
sudo mv /etc/nginx/sites-enabled/default $HOME/nginx-default.backup sudo nano /etc/nginx/sites-enabled/default
##### Konfig #####
upstream php-handler { #server 127.0.0.1:9000; server unix:/var/run/php/php7.3-fpm.sock; } server { listen 80; listen [::]:80; server_name DOMAIN; # enforce https # return 301 https://$server_name$request_uri; root /var/www/html/; } server { listen 443 ssl http2; listen [::]:443 ssl http2; server_name DOMAIN.de; ssl_certificate /etc/letsencrypt/live/DOMAIN.de/fullchain.pem; ssl_certificate_key /etc/letsencrypt/live/DOMAIN.de/privkey.pem; # Add headers to serve security related headers # Before enabling Strict-Transport-Security headers please read into this # topic first. add_header Strict-Transport-Security "max-age=15768000; includeSubDomains; preload;"; # # WARNING: Only add the preload option once you read about # the consequences in https://hstspreload.org/. This option # will add the domain to a hardcoded list that is shipped # in all major browsers and getting removed from this list # could take several months. add_header X-Content-Type-Options nosniff; add_header X-XSS-Protection "1; mode=block"; add_header X-Robots-Tag none; add_header X-Download-Options noopen; add_header X-Permitted-Cross-Domain-Policies none; add_header Referrer-Policy "no-referrer" always; #I found this header is needed on Ubuntu, but not on Arch Linux. add_header X-Frame-Options "SAMEORIGIN"; # Path to the root of your installation root /var/www/html/; location = /robots.txt { allow all; log_not_found off; access_log off; } # The following 2 rules are only needed for the user_webfinger app. # Uncomment it if you're planning to use this app. #rewrite ^/.well-known/host-meta /public.php?service=host-meta last; #rewrite ^/.well-known/host-meta.json /public.php?service=host-meta-json # last; location = /.well-known/carddav { return 301 $scheme://$host/remote.php/dav; } location = /.well-known/caldav { return 301 $scheme://$host/remote.php/dav; } # set max upload size client_max_body_size 512M; fastcgi_buffers 64 4K; # Enable gzip but do not remove ETag headers gzip on; gzip_vary on; gzip_comp_level 4; gzip_min_length 256; gzip_proxied expired no-cache no-store private no_last_modified no_etag auth; gzip_types application/atom+xml application/javascript application/json application/ld+json application/manifest+json application/rss+xml application/vnd.geo+json application/vnd.ms-fontobject application/x-font-ttf application/x-web-app-manifest+json application/xhtml+xml application/xml font/opentype image/bmp image/svg+xml image/x-icon text/cache-manifest text/css text/plain text/vcard text/vnd.rim.location.xloc text/vtt text/x-component text/x-cross-domain-policy; # Uncomment if your server is build with the ngx_pagespeed module # This module is currently not supported. #pagespeed off; location / { rewrite ^ /index.php; } location ~ ^/(?:build|tests|config|lib|3rdparty|templates|data)/ { deny all; } location ~ ^/(?:\.|autotest|occ|issue|indie|db_|console) { deny all; } location ~ ^/(?:index|remote|public|cron|core/ajax/update|status|ocs/v[12]|updater/.+|ocs-provider/.+)\.php(?:$|/) { fastcgi_split_path_info ^(.+\.php)(/.*)$; try_files $fastcgi_script_name =404; include fastcgi_params; fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name; fastcgi_param PATH_INFO $fastcgi_path_info; fastcgi_param HTTPS on; #Avoid sending the security headers twice fastcgi_param modHeadersAvailable true; fastcgi_param front_controller_active true; fastcgi_pass php-handler; fastcgi_intercept_errors on; fastcgi_request_buffering off; } location ~ ^/(?:updater|ocs-provider)(?:$|/) { try_files $uri/ =404; index index.php; } # Adding the cache control header for js and css files # Make sure it is BELOW the PHP block location ~ \.(?:css|js|woff|svg|gif)$ { try_files $uri /index.php$uri$is_args$args; add_header Cache-Control "public, max-age=15778463"; # Add headers to serve security related headers (It is intended to # have those duplicated to the ones above) # Before enabling Strict-Transport-Security headers please read into # this topic first. # add_header Strict-Transport-Security "max-age=15768000; includeSubDomains; preload;"; # # WARNING: Only add the preload option once you read about # the consequences in https://hstspreload.org/. This option # will add the domain to a hardcoded list that is shipped # in all major browsers and getting removed from this list # could take several months. add_header X-Content-Type-Options nosniff; add_header X-XSS-Protection "1; mode=block"; add_header X-Robots-Tag none; add_header X-Download-Options noopen; add_header X-Permitted-Cross-Domain-Policies none; # Optional: Don't log access to assets access_log off; } location ~ \.(?:png|html|ttf|ico|jpg|jpeg)$ { try_files $uri /index.php$uri$is_args$args; # Optional: Don't log access to other assets access_log off; } }
##### Ende #####
#Mit Strg + O, Enter & Strg +X die Datei speichern#
PostgreSQL Nutzer und Datenbank für Nextcloud anlegen:
sudo -u postgres psql \password postgres (Benutzer: NextPi#T) \q
Gebt dem Benutzer ein sicheres Passwort.
sudo -u postgres createuser -P -d nextcloud
Gebt dem Benutzer ein sicheres Passwort.
sudo -u postgres createdb -O nextcloud nextcloud
Let’s Encrypt Zertifikat erstellen:
sudo certbot certonly --webroot -w /var/www/html/ -d DOMAIN.de -m EMAIL --agree-tos
Let’s Encrypt Zertifikat automatisch aktualisieren:
sudo nano /etc/crontab
Dort vor der abschließenden Raute folgenden Befehl einfügen:
PATH=/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin 0 0 5 * * /usr/bin/certbot renew --post-hook "service nginx restart" 0 0 6 * * sudo reboot 1. Stelle: Minute -> 0 (0 Minuten) 2. Stelle: Stunde -> 0 (0 Uhr) 3. Stelle: Tag des Monats -> 5 (am 5. des Monats) 4. Stelle: Monat -> * (jeden Monat) 5. Stelle: Wochentag -> * (jedes Jahr) (Der Reboot am 6. Tag soll das SSL Zertifikat für die Nexcloud aktualisieren.) sudo service cron reload
Konfiguration letsencrypt renewal ändern
sudo nano /etc/letsencrypt/renewal/it-for-me.spdns.de.conf
statt
post_hook= /usr/sbin/nginx restart
besser
pre_hook = sudo systemctl restart nginx.service
#### (erst mal nicht nötig) Nginx Konfiguration anpassen: ####
sudo nano /etc/nginx/sites-enabled/default return 301 https://$server_name$request_uri; #root /var/www/html/
#Mit Strg + O, Enter & Strg +X die Datei speichern#
sudo systemctl restart nginx.service ##################################
##### Memory Limit ##### sudo nano /etc/php/7.3/fpm/php.ini
strg + W Suche memory
php Memory auf 512M setzen
STRG+O Enter & STRG+X
sudo systemctl restart php7.3-fpm.service